高二英語(yǔ)教案：《Saving the earth總復(fù)習(xí)》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)(5)

　　【拓展】share用作名詞，意為"(利益、報(bào)酬等的)份兒，一份"，常與of，in連用。如：① I haven't got my share of the cake yet. 我還未分到我的一份蛋糕。② Each had his share in the profit. 各人分得自己的一份利益。

　　【注意】在英國(guó)語(yǔ)中，shares可指"股票"，而美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中常用stock。

　　11. Since then, several Earth Summit have been held and much progress has been made．打那以來(lái)，已舉行了數(shù)次地球峰會(huì)，且取得了很大進(jìn)步。(p.67 Reading 第一段 第4行)

　　progress是不可數(shù)名詞，意為"進(jìn)步；進(jìn)展；前進(jìn)"。如： ① He made great progress in English. 他在英語(yǔ)方面大有進(jìn)步。② Jane is still in hospital, but she's making good progress. 珍妮還在住院，但她的健康恢復(fù)很快。③ The ship made slow progress through the rough sea. 船在大風(fēng)大浪中行駛得很慢。

　　【注意】即使progress之前有形容詞修飾，也不能加不定冠詞。

　　【拓展】progress還可作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為"取得進(jìn)步；進(jìn)展(順利)"。如： ① We are now progressing steadily with our work. 我們的工作目前進(jìn)行得很穩(wěn)當(dāng)。② He is progressing in his studies. 他學(xué)習(xí)不斷進(jìn)步。

　　12. One of the main themes of the summit was "sustain- able development", or the question how we can continue developing the world without damaging the environ- ment. 這次峰會(huì)的其中一個(gè)主要議題就是"持續(xù)性發(fā)展"，或者是不破壞環(huán)境我們?nèi)绾卫^續(xù)推動(dòng)世界發(fā)展的問(wèn)題。(p.67 Reading 第一段 倒數(shù)第4行)

　　1) continue意為"繼續(xù)"，可用作及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞。作及物動(dòng)詞，其后主要接名詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、that從句等。用于不中斷的繼續(xù)或中斷后的繼續(xù)。如： ① After a ten-minute break, the class continued. 休息了10分鐘后，又繼續(xù)上課。② He continued reading when I spoke to him. 我跟他說(shuō)話時(shí)，他仍然繼續(xù)閱讀。③ After that, he continued to devote himself to research work. 在這以后，他繼續(xù)致力于研究工作。④ The politician continued that he thought the government should call an election. 那位政治家接著說(shuō)，他認(rèn)為政府應(yīng)該舉行一次選舉。

　　【辨析】 go on to do／doing，last；continue to do／doing: go on to do／doing有明顯差異，主要指內(nèi)容上的轉(zhuǎn)換或時(shí)間上的停頓、間歇，使用頻率較高，不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。last；continue有部分交叉關(guān)系，last常表示時(shí)問(wèn)或物態(tài)的繼續(xù)存在，不用人及有生命的東西作主語(yǔ)，不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。continue to do／doing幾乎沒(méi)有區(qū)別，中間可有停頓可不停頓。① He went on talking as though nothing had happened. 他若無(wú)其事地繼續(xù)講下去。(涉及同一件事) ② He went on to show us how to do it in a different way. 他接著又教我們用另一種方法做這件事。(涉及到兩件不同的事) ③ The war lasted four years. 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)持續(xù)了四年。④ Will you continue doing the work after dinner? 晚飯后你繼續(xù)于活嗎?

　　【拓展】continue也可作連系動(dòng)詞，意為"仍舊...，持續(xù)...的情況"，其后主要接形容詞和介詞短語(yǔ)。如： ① The weather continued cold and wet. 天氣還是那樣又冷又潮。② She still continues in weak health. 她身體依舊虛弱。

　　2) without后接動(dòng)名詞，表示"沒(méi)做某事......"。如：① He managed to open the box without showing us what was in it. 他設(shè)法把箱子打開(kāi)了，卻沒(méi)讓我們看見(jiàn)里面裝的是什么。② He rubbed his hands all the time as if he was washing them, and smiled without stopping. 他一直在搓著手，好像是在洗手，并且不停地笑著。③ For three days Tom worked without (taking) any rest.湯姆不停息地干了三天。

　　【注意】not／never...without (doing) sth. 是雙重否定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為"無(wú)...不，必定"，用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。如：① The two can never talk without smiling. 他倆談話沒(méi)有不笑的時(shí)候。② He can't take his meal without wine. 他每餐必喝酒。

　　【辨析】 with no；without

　　* with no表示沒(méi)有的東西，是該人或該事物的特點(diǎn)。

　　* without表示沒(méi)有的東西，是指在正常情況下缺少的東西。① He's a person with no sense of humour.他是一位無(wú)幽默感的人。② Without water we can't live. 沒(méi)有水我們就不能生存。

　　13. In Johannesburg, experts from all over the world spoke about different topics and discussed new ways to solve old problems. 在約翰內(nèi)斯堡，來(lái)自全世界的專家討論了不同的主題，討論了解決老問(wèn)題的新辦法。(p.67 Reading 第二段 第1行)

　　speak about／on意為"談?wù)摚徽摷?quot;，往往是比較詳盡地談一個(gè)問(wèn)題或題目，若指一般地提及某事，多用speak of。如：① They were speaking about their boss. 他們?cè)谡務(wù)撝�他們的老板。�?Think this matter over and we'll speak about it tomorrow morning. 這事你先想想，咱們明天早上再談。③ I haven't yet spoken t0 him on this subject. 我還沒(méi)與他詳談此事。④ I hope you will not speak of it again. 我希望你不要再談起此事了。

　　【鏈接】與speak構(gòu)成的常見(jiàn)搭配： speak well／highly of 贊揚(yáng) / speak ill of... 說(shuō)......壞話 / generally speaking 一般而言 / strictly speaking 嚴(yán)格地說(shuō) / speak for itself (事情)不說(shuō)自明 / speak to oneself 自言自語(yǔ) / speak out one's mind 說(shuō)出心里話 / speak out 大聲說(shuō)出，毫無(wú)顧慮地說(shuō)出 / speak from the heart 憑良心說(shuō) / speak by the book 說(shuō)話確切

　　14. According to the World Health Organisation, the big three cause more than seven million deaths every year. 根據(jù)衛(wèi)生組織的報(bào)告，這三大殺手致使每年有七百萬(wàn)人死亡。(p.67 Reading 第二段 第4行)