高考英語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)考點講解
2021-09-25 17:42:38高考網整理
高考英語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)考點講解
高頻考點一、一般時態(tài)
例1.(2019·江蘇卷)A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ________ in love with the people and culture there.
A.would fall B.had fallen
C.has fallen D.fell
【答案】D
【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意:史密斯先生到中國幾個月后,就愛上了那里的人民和文化。這里描述過去發(fā)生的事情,應用一般過去時。
【舉一反三】(2019·天津卷)Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
A.is given B.are given
C.was given D.were given
【答案】C
【解析】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:上周Amy和她的兄弟們回到村莊時受到了熱烈的歡迎。根據時間狀語“last week”可知,應用一般過去時;as well as連接兩個并列的主語時,謂語動詞應與前面的主語一致,即與“Amy”一致,故此處應用單數(shù)形式。故選C。
【變式探究】(2018·北京卷)—Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around.
—Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just________on Monday.
A.start B.have started
C.started D.had started
【答案】C
【解析】考查時態(tài)。——你好,我是彼得。你是新來的嗎?我沒見過你。——你好,彼得。我是鮑勃。我星期一才開始(在這工作)的。根據語境可知,此處用一般過去時,表示過去某一特定的時間(on Monday)發(fā)生的事。
【變式探究】(2017·江蘇卷)He’s been informed that he________for the scholarship because of his academic background.
A.hasn’t qualified
B.hadn’t qualified
C.doesn’t qualify
D.wasn’t qualifying
【答案】C
【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意:他已被告知,由于他的學術背景,他沒有獲得獎學金的資格。根據語境可知,此處描述的是客觀事實,因此使用一般現(xiàn)在時。
高頻考點二 進行時態(tài)
例2.(2018·北京卷)Susan had quit her well-paid job and ________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.
A.is working B.was working
C.has worked D.had worked
【答案】B
【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意:蘇珊辭去了她的高薪工作,去年我去拜訪她時,她在社區(qū)作義工。根據語境可知,此處表示過去某段時間內正在發(fā)生的事,所以用過去進行時。
【舉一反三】Jack ________ in the lab when the power cut occurred.
A.works B.has worked
C.was working D.would work
【答案】C
【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意:杰克正在實驗室里工作的時候,突然停電了。本句使用了句式結構be doing sth. when...“正在做某事時突然……”,此時前一分句用過去進行時,后一分句用一般過去時。因此選C。
【變式探究】It is said that his parents ________ him to be a high achiever, but he turned out to be a nobody.
A.expect B.were expecting
C.would expect D.have been expecting
【答案】B
【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意:據說他的父母一直期望他能大有作為,但結果他成了一個無名小輩。此處表示過去某段時間內正在進行的動作,應用過去進行時。故選B。
【變式探究】With the Internet so convenient, several million patients in China ________ web-based mobile platforms for solutions to their health-related problems now.
A.turned to B.will turn to
C.are turning to D.had turned to
【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意:因特網是如此方便,幾百萬中國病人現(xiàn)在正借助于基于網絡的移動平臺來尋找解決與他們的健康相關的問題的方法。從句意以及時間狀語“now”可看出,此處應用現(xiàn)在進行時,故選C。
高頻考點三 完成時態(tài)
例3.(2019·江蘇卷)The musician along with his band members ________ ten performances in the last three months.
A.gives B.has given
C.have given D.give
【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:這位音樂家和他的樂隊成員在過去的三個月里進行了10場表演。根據后面的時間狀語in the last three months可知,謂語動詞的時態(tài)應用現(xiàn)在完成時;along with連接兩個名詞作主語時,謂語動詞應與前面的名詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致,故選B項。
【舉一反三】(2019·天津卷)I ________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it.
A.had hoped B.am hoping
C.have hoped D.would hope
【答案】A
【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意:我本來想給彼得送個禮物來祝賀他結婚,但是沒能成功。根據句意可知,本句中“想送禮物”發(fā)生在“沒成功”之前,屬于“過去的過去”,應用過去完成時。故選A。
【舉一反三】(2018·北京卷)China’s high-speed railways ________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.
A.are growing B.have grown
C.will grow D.had grown
【答案】B
【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意:在過去的幾年中,中國的高速鐵路已經從9 000 公里增加到25 000公里。根據句中的in the past few years可知,此處用現(xiàn)在完成時。
【變式探究】The official was shocked by the crash, because the pilot who was killed ________ any trouble.
A.hadn’t reported B.didn’t report
C.wouldn’t report D.hasn’t reported
【答案】A
【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意:那位官員對這次飛機失事感到震驚,因為飛行員在死亡之前并沒有報告任何故障。從句意看,飛機失事是發(fā)生在過去的事情,而報告故障顯然是飛機失事前發(fā)生的事情,即“過去的過去”,所以用過去完成時。
高頻考點四 其他時態(tài)
例4.Dashan, who ________ crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.
A.will be learning B.is learning
C.had been learning D.has been learning
【答案】D
【解析】考查現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)。根據句意及定語從句中的時間狀語for decades和主句謂語動詞wants可知,本題使用現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài),表示從過去某個時間開始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并有可能繼續(xù)下去的動作。
【舉一反三】—Where is Peter?I can’t find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and ________ his essay there ever since.
A.wrote B.had written
C.has been writing D.is writing
【答案】C
【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意:“Peter在哪兒?我到處都找不到他。”“他早飯后去圖書館了,并且從那時起一直在那兒寫他的文章。”由ever since可知,Peter從早飯后一直在圖書館寫文章(說話時應該仍然在寫),故應用現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示動作從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并且有可能持續(xù)下去。故答案為C項。
【變式探究】That woman was a little vague at the time but said something to the effect that she ________ the project within three days.
A.finished B.will finish
C.would finish D.will have finished
【答案】C
【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意:那位女士當時有點含糊其辭,不過大意是說她會在三天之內完成這個項目。根據句中的“was”“said”以及“within three days”可知,此處表示從過去某一時間來看將要發(fā)生的動作,應用過去將來時。故選C。
【變式探究】—I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
—I think so.He________for it for months.
A.is preparing B.was preparing
C.had been preparing D.has been preparing
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——我確信安德魯最終會贏得一等獎。——我也這么認為。他準備了幾個月了。由will可知事情還未發(fā)生,表示安德魯一直在準備著,故選D。