英語(yǔ)介詞,高考真題語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

　�、�. 單句語(yǔ)法填空

　　1．(2015·浙江，10改編)Most people work because it's unavoidable.__By__contrast， there are some people who actually enjoy work.

　　解析：by contrast“相比之下”。句意：大部分人工作是因?yàn)樗�是無(wú)法逃避的。而相比之下，有些人工作是因?yàn)榈拇_享受工作。

　　2．(2015·浙江，17改編)These comments came __in__response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.

　　解析：in response to“回應(yīng)”。句意：這些評(píng)論出現(xiàn)是為了回應(yīng)那些當(dāng)?shù)匦侣動(dòng)浾呓?jīng)常問(wèn)到的具體問(wèn)題。

　　3．(2015·湖北，30改編)This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you __in__advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.

　　解析：in advance提前。句意：會(huì)議室是非吸煙區(qū)。我想提前警告你：如果你在這兒吸煙的話。你會(huì)被罰款的。

　　4．(2015·重慶，10改編)Last year was the warmest year on record，with global temperature 0.68 ℃ __above__ the average.

　　解析：above the average在一般水平以上。句意：去年是有記錄以來(lái)最熱的一年，全球氣溫比平均氣溫高0.68℃。

　　5．(2016·江西南昌高三聯(lián)考)If I meet with school violence， I will not answer violence__with__violence，...I will tell my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys.

　　解析：answer violence with violence以暴治暴。

　　6．(2015·福建，32改編)Human life is regarded as part of nature and；as such，the only way for us to survive is to live__in__harmony with nature.

　　解析：in harmony with與……和諧共處。句意：人的生命被看作是自然界的一部分；就這點(diǎn)而論，我們要存活下來(lái)的唯一方式就是與大自然和諧共處。

　　7．(2014·課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ，改編)He reported the case __to__ the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in a strange city.

　　解析：句意為：他向警察報(bào)告了這個(gè)事件，然后孤獨(dú)迷茫地坐在一個(gè)陌生的城市里。report...to...為固定搭配，意為“向……報(bào)告……”。

　　8．(2014·福建，22改編)Our club is open to everyone regardless__of__age，sex or educational background.

　　解析：句意為：我們的俱樂(lè)部向每個(gè)人開(kāi)放，不管你的年齡、性別或教育背景。regardless of意為“不管；不顧”，為固定搭配。

　　9．(2014·天津，6改編)In addition __to__the school，the village has a clinic，which was also built with government support.

　　解析：句意為：除了學(xué)校之外，村子里還有一家診所，它也是在政府的支持下建起來(lái)的。根據(jù)下文關(guān)鍵詞also可知，學(xué)校也是政府開(kāi)辦的，故填to，in addition to意為“除了……之外(還)”。

　　10．(2014·浙江，10改編)While staying in the village， James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything__in__ return.

　　解析：句意為：當(dāng)詹姆斯呆在這個(gè)村里的時(shí)候，他無(wú)私地把他有的所有東西與村民分享，不求任何回報(bào)。根據(jù)前面的單詞unselfishly可知他這樣做不圖回報(bào)。in return為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“作為回報(bào)”。

　　11. The children dressed __in__ long wool coats stopped to look at us.

　　解析：句意為：穿著長(zhǎng)羊毛外套的孩子們停下來(lái)看著我們。be dressed in意為“穿著……”，為固定搭配。

　　12．The desire for self－improvement has led many Chinese students to pursue educational opportunities __beyond__ physical classrooms.

　　解析：句意為：自我完善的愿望促使許多中國(guó)學(xué)生去追求超越實(shí)體課堂教育的機(jī)會(huì)。beyond意為“超出……”。

　　13．With new technology， pictures of underwater valleys can be taken __in__ color.

　　解析：句意為：由于有了這項(xiàng)新的科技，水下的山谷可以被拍成彩色照片。in color意為“彩色的”，符合句意。

　　14．She works well with those who are superior __to__ her in the company.

　　解析：句意為：她與公司那些職務(wù)高于她的人相處得很好。be superior to意為“優(yōu)于……；高

　　于……”，為固定短語(yǔ)。

　　15．__Despite__ the Hong Kong singer's current popularity， she was largely unknown in Chinese mainland before the talent show.

　　解析：句意為：雖然這個(gè)香港歌手現(xiàn)在很受歡迎，但是在才藝秀之前她在內(nèi)地還不為人知。despite意為“雖然”，符合句意。

　　16．I have an appointment __with__Dr. Brown， but I need to change it.

　　解析：句意為：我與布朗先生有約，但我需要改一下。have an  appointment with sb.意為“與某人有約”，為固定短語(yǔ)。

　　17．Whoever comes here to have the  meeting will be treated __to__ a wonderful dinner.

　　解析：句意為：所有來(lái)這兒開(kāi)會(huì)的人都將享用美好的晚餐。treat sb. to sth.意為“款待，招待某人享用……”，是固定短語(yǔ)。

　　18．Anyway， I can't tell lies about it—it's __against__ my principles， you know.

　　解析：句意為：無(wú)論如何，對(duì)于這件事我不能說(shuō)謊，你知道這違背了我的原則。against意為“反對(duì)；違反”，符合句意。

　　19．(2015·浙江，3)Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes __to__ animals both on land and sea？

　　解析：be home to...“是……的家園”。

　　20．(2015·陜西，12改編)The little pupil took his grandma __by__the arm and walked her across the street.

　　解析：“take sb. by＋the＋身體部位”為固定搭配，意為“抓住某人的……”。句意：那個(gè)小學(xué)生抓著他奶奶的手臂，領(lǐng)她過(guò)了街道。拓展：The police took the thief by the collar and took him to the police station.警察抓住那個(gè)小偷的衣領(lǐng)，把他帶到了警察局。

　�、�. 語(yǔ)法填空

　　在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

　　Father's Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day __1. for__ children to honor their fathers began in Spokane， Washington. A woman __2. with__ the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought __3. of__ the idea for Father's Day while listening to a Mother's Day sermon __4. in__ 1909.

　　Having been raised __5. by__ her father， Henry Jackson Smart， after her mother died， Sonora wanted her father to know howspecial he was __6. to__ her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was， __7. in__ the eyes of his daughter， a courageous， selfless， and loving man. Sonora's father was born in June， so she chose to hold the first Father's Day celebration __8. in__ Spokane， Washington __9. on__ the 19th of June， 1910.

　　In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June __10. as__ Father's Day. Roses are the flowers for Father's Day.

　�、�. 單句改錯(cuò)

　　1．(2015·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.

　　答案與解析：on→with　with the development of...隨著……的發(fā)展。

　　2．(2016·新課標(biāo)Ⅲ)Now I am leaving home to college.

　　答案與解析：to→for　句意：現(xiàn)在，我要離開(kāi)家去上大學(xué)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指的是“離開(kāi)家去上大學(xué)”，所以用for，表示目的。

　　3．(2014·課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ，改編)Nearly five years ago，and with the help by our father， my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.

　　答案與解析：by→of　句意為：大約五年前，在父親的幫助下，我和姐姐在后花園種植了一些圣女果。with the help of sb.為固定搭配，意為“在某人的幫助下”。故將by改為of。

　　4．(2013·課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ，改編)He was tall， with broad shoulders and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years.

　　答案與解析：toward→to或into　turn from...to/into...從……變成……。

　　5．(2016·四川)Dad cleaned the house，and then went on shopping.

　　答案與解析：去掉on　句意：爸爸打掃了房子，然后去購(gòu)物了。go shopping“去購(gòu)物”，是固定短語(yǔ)。