并列句與狀語(yǔ)從句,高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練

　�、�. 單句語(yǔ)法填空

　　1．(2014·江蘇，21改編)Lessons can be learned to face the future __though/although__history cannot be changed.

　　解析：對(duì)比分析兩個(gè)句子的意思可知從句表達(dá)的意思是“雖然；盡管”。句意為：雖然歷史不能被改變，但是可以學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)面對(duì)未來(lái)。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，故填though/although。

　　2．(2014·湖南，26改編)You will never gain success __unless__you are fully devoted to your work.

　　解析：根據(jù)句意可知主從句間是條件關(guān)系，且對(duì)比分析兩句話(huà)間“主將從現(xiàn)”的時(shí)態(tài)及主句中的否定詞never可知用表?xiàng)l件的unless(if...not)。句意為：除非你完全投入到你的工作中，否則你永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法取得成功。

　　3．(2015·北京，25改編)He is a shy man，__but__he is not afraid of anything or anyone.

　　解析：but用來(lái)連接并列但語(yǔ)義對(duì)比的兩個(gè)句子。句意：他是個(gè)靦腆的人，但他并不怕任何事或任何人。

　　4．(2015·北京，32改編)__Once__the damage is done， it will take many years for the farmland to recover.

　　解析：once一旦。句意：一旦造成損害，土地要好多年才能恢復(fù)。

　　5．(2015·天津，12改編)We need to get to the root of the problem__before__we can solve it.

　　解析：本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞。before表示“主句發(fā)生在從句之前”。句意：在我們解決問(wèn)題之前，我們需要找到問(wèn)題的根源。

　　6．(2015·湖南，33改編)__Although/Though__the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it.

　　解析：although/though雖然(表示“雖然”時(shí)，不在后面使用連詞but，不過(guò)有時(shí)它可與yet，still，nevertheless等副詞連用)。句意：雖然那個(gè)工作要花大量的時(shí)間，但是大多數(shù)學(xué)生都覺(jué)得這次經(jīng)歷是值得的。

　　7．(2015·湖南，35改編)That's why I help brighten people's days.If you__don't__，who's to say that another person will？

　　解析：考查if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果從句談?wù)摰氖且粋�(gè)有可能發(fā)生的事實(shí)及其產(chǎn)生的相關(guān)的結(jié)果，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。此句中的who's to say that another person will用的是將來(lái)時(shí)，故if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。句意：這就是為什么我要使人們的日子變得鮮活起來(lái)。如果你不這樣做，你說(shuō)誰(shuí)會(huì)這樣做？

　　8．(2015·四川，6改編)There is only one more day to go__before__your favorite music group play live.

　　解析：before意為“在……之前”。句意：離你最喜歡的樂(lè)隊(duì)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)演奏只剩下一天了。

　　9．(2015·重慶，4改編)If you miss this chance，it may be years __before__ you get another one.

　　解析：It be＋時(shí)間段＋before...“要過(guò)……才會(huì)……”。句意：如果你錯(cuò)過(guò)這次機(jī)會(huì)，可能要等很多年才會(huì)再有另一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。

　　10．(2015·江蘇，26改編)It is so cold that you can't go outside__unless__fully covered in thick clothes.

　　解析：本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞及狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。句意：天如此冷以至于你除非完全包裹著厚衣服，否則不能外出。unless除非。unless從句中省略主語(yǔ)you及系動(dòng)詞are。

　　11. It's a motto that we should never remember the benefit we have offered __nor__ forget the favor received.

　　解析：句意為：我們應(yīng)當(dāng)永遠(yuǎn)不要記掛我們所給予的好處也不要忘記我們所受的恩惠。這是一則座右銘。nor為表示否定含義的并列詞，never...nor...表示“既不……也不……”。

　　12．Ask any Chinese which city in China is famous for ice and snow， __and__ the answer is sure to be Harbin.

　　解析：句意為：(如果)你問(wèn)任何一個(gè)中國(guó)人中國(guó)的哪座城市因冰雪而出名，答案一定是哈爾濱。此處為“祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句”的結(jié)構(gòu)，兩個(gè)分句之間為順承關(guān)系，故填and。

　　13．Stick to what you think is right， __and__ you will gain a surprising happy ending.

　　解析：句意為：堅(jiān)持你認(rèn)為正確的，你會(huì)擁有一個(gè)幸福的結(jié)局。此處為“祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句”的結(jié)構(gòu)，兩個(gè)分句之間為順承關(guān)系，故填and。

　　14．—Can I lie about seeing a text message because I was too busy or lazy to respond to it？

　　—Receiving a text message does not necessarily mean you have to respond. Why waste a perfectly good lie __when__ the truth will serve？

　　解析：句意為：——當(dāng)我很累或懶得去答復(fù)時(shí)，我可以撒謊說(shuō)沒(méi)看過(guò)短信嗎？——收到短信并不一定意味著必須回復(fù)。為什么非得濫用一個(gè)精心編造的謊言而不去說(shuō)實(shí)話(huà)呢？對(duì)比分析主從句謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作可知是同時(shí)發(fā)生，因此用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連詞when表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”。

　　15．Though it has been one year __since__ he came to the city， he knows every street here like the back of his hand.

　　解析：句意為：盡管他來(lái)這座城市僅僅一年，但是他對(duì)這兒的每條街道了如指掌。本題考查固定句型“it has been＋時(shí)間段＋since...”，表示“自從……已經(jīng)多久了”。

　　16．—What did he think of the trip to Beijing last month？

　　—He had such a good time __when__ he visited the Great Wall.

　　解析：句意為：——他認(rèn)為上個(gè)月的北京之行怎么樣？——當(dāng)他去參觀長(zhǎng)城時(shí)玩得很開(kāi)心。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”，故填when。本題容易誤用成“such...that...”結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　17．Little __as/though__ he knew about classical music， he pretended to be an expert on it.

　　解析：句意為：盡管他對(duì)古典音樂(lè)了解很少，但他假裝對(duì)此是名專(zhuān)家。分析句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處所在分句為讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，且否定詞little位于句首，應(yīng)用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，故填as或though。although也表“盡管”，但其引導(dǎo)的從句要用正常語(yǔ)序，故不填。

　　18．People in Dali are very friendly and honest to you __whether__ you are a foreigner or just a local.

　　解析：句意為：大理的人對(duì)你很誠(chéng)實(shí)而友好，無(wú)論你是外地人還是當(dāng)?shù)鼐用�。whether...or...表示“無(wú)論是……還是……”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　19．You can smoke here __if__ you leave a window open to let the smoke out.

　　解析：句意為：如果你留一扇窗戶(hù)使煙散發(fā)出去，你就可以在這里吸煙。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“如果”，故填if。

　　20．(2015·浙江，9改編)Just__as__ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence，a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.

　　解析：句意為：正如單獨(dú)一個(gè)詞能改變一個(gè)句子的含義一樣，一個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子也能改變一個(gè)段落的含義。just as意為“正如，正像”，符合句意。

　�、�. 語(yǔ)法填空

　　在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

　　My classmate Michael studied very hard __1. after__ he went to senior school. Every day he worked __2. until__ every one left the classroom. He said he wouldn't stop trying __3. unless__ he got satisfying scores in his studies. Hard __4. as/though__ he tried， he made little progress， but he didn't lose heart at all __5. because__ he believed as long as he persisted he would succeed one day. __6. As__ time went by， he made improvements in his studies and he was admitted to a university in Guangzhou at last. We had a get－together party __7. before__ we started our new life in university. __8. Since__ everyone had got offers from universities， we had a very good time. When we stood __9. where__ we used to play and study， we couldn't help thinking of our happy old days. We believed we would never forget each other， __10. wherever__ we would go or whatever we would do. Before we departed， __11. although/though__we seemed a little sadder __12. than__before， we still fought back the tears.

　�、�. 單句改錯(cuò)

　　1．But no sooner had I left when the bus arrived.

　　答案與解析：when→than　no sooner...than...“剛……就……”，是固定用法。

　　2．The people's life here has become rich or colorful.

　　答案與解析：or→and　此處表示“生活豐富多彩”，rich與colorful是并列關(guān)系，且本句是肯定句，故連詞用and。

　　3．I called my parents， so I did not tell them what had happened.

　　答案與解析：so→but　由called與did not tell...的對(duì)比判斷連詞用but。表示“我給父母打電話(huà)了，但是沒(méi)有告訴他們發(fā)生了什么”。

　　4．It isn't very cold， but you needn't bring many clothes with you.

　　答案與解析：but→so　天不太冷“所以”沒(méi)有必要帶很多衣服，連詞用so，表示結(jié)果。

　　5．It may be popular， and you may also get others confused.

　　答案與解析：and→but　由“get others confused”判斷連詞用but，表示“可能會(huì)受歡迎，但是也會(huì)讓別人很困惑”。

　　6．(2015·四川)In fact， I don't like to go anymore， so I'm afraid I'll lose their friendship.

　　答案與解析：so→but　作者不喜歡再去那里，“但是”又害怕失去他們的友誼，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，因此要用but。

　　7．I'm sure that until we keep on  practising， it will be easy for us to learn spoken  English well.

　　答案與解析：until→if　此處表示“如果我們不斷地練習(xí)，學(xué)好英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)就會(huì)很容易”，所以用連詞if引導(dǎo)一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　8. One day， I was cooking in the kitchen as the telephone rang.

　　答案與解析：as→when　be doing...when...“正在做某事，這時(shí)……”，是固定句式。

　　9．Charles Rolls， a car maker， was  very interested in Royce's car， but soon Rolls and  Royce went into business together.

　　答案與解析：but→and　“很快他們就合作了”是順承前一句所說(shuō)的事情發(fā)生的，故連詞用and。

　　10．Work hard， you will make  much progress and realize your dream.

　　答案與解析：you前加and　本句是“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”句式，表示“做……，那么你就會(huì)……”。

　　11．(2016·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)Though not very big， but the restaurant is popular in our area.

　　答案與解析：去掉but　句意：餐館雖然不大，卻在我們這個(gè)區(qū)域很受歡迎。though不和but連用，因though位于句首，故去掉but。

　　12．(2016·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking.

　　答案與解析：or→and　句意：每天他都確保用于烹飪的是新鮮的蔬菜和高質(zhì)量的油。從句意判斷前后是并列關(guān)系，故把or改為and。

　　13．(2016·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)If we stay at home， it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.

　　答案與解析：but→and　句意：如果我們待在家里，會(huì)很舒服而且也沒(méi)有必要花錢(qián)。上下句之間是并列關(guān)系，而非轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

　　14．(2016·四川)Mom has a full－time job， so she has to do most of the housework.

　　答案與解析：so→but　句意：媽媽做全職工作，但是她得干大部分家務(wù)活。前后句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用but連接。

　　15．(2016·四川)Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother's Day.

　　答案與解析：or→and　句意：爸爸和“我”都打算在母親節(jié)這一天做一些事。both...and...“兩者都……”，是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，符合語(yǔ)境。