高考英語閱讀理解的猜詞技巧2

　　-根據(jù)同位關(guān)系或文中定義解釋猜測

　　文章中的難詞后面往往有一個同位語、that is，this is、破折號或定語從句等對其進(jìn)行解釋。這時可利用這種關(guān)系或解釋對前面或后面的詞義進(jìn)行猜測。

　　例3.(2006年福建卷，A篇)

　　The schools are reluctant to take time off--even teachers with tickets for the England-Argentina game had trouble getting the day off.

　　59.The underlined word“reluctant”in the passage may probably mean_______.

　　A.kind

　　B.unwilling

　　C.free

　　D.careless

　　分析：根據(jù)本句破折號后面的句子：“even teachers with tickets for the England-Argentina game had trouble getting the day off.(即使老師們手中握有英-阿比賽的門票也不容易請假。”推斷reluctant的意思是unwilling.故答案為B。

　　-根據(jù)上下文的指代關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測

　　代詞one，it，that，he，him或them等在英語文章中使用頻繁，可以指上文提到的人或事物。有時代詞與指代的對象相隔較遠(yuǎn)，要認(rèn)真查找；有時需要對前面提到的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)，才能得出代詞所指代的事。

　　例4.(2005年全國卷，C篇)

　　Demands for pigeon-delivered money stopped as soon as the press reported the story.And even if they start again，Chen holds little hope of catching the criminal.“We have more important things to do，”he said.

　　52.The underlined word“they”in the last paragraph refers to____.

　　A.criminals

　　B.pigeons

　　C.the stolen cars

　　D.demands for money

　　分析：從文中最后一段可知，they應(yīng)當(dāng)對應(yīng)該段前面的“Demands for pigeon-delivered money”。該部分大意為“媒體報道這些事件之后，發(fā)案率有所下降。即使demands for money的勢頭有所上升，陳表明，捉住罪犯也沒什么希望，因?yàn)樗麄?警察)有更重要的事要做”。故答案為D。

　　-根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測

　　根據(jù)上下句的連接詞，如but，however，otherwise，while，rather than，far from等就可以看到前后句在意義上的差別，從而依據(jù)某一句的含義，來確定另一句的含義。

　　例5.(2005年北京卷，D篇)

　　However obvious these facts may appear at first glance，they are actully not so obvious as they seem expect when we take special pains to think about the subject.

　　71.In paragraph 3，“take special pains”probably means“_____”.

　　A.try very hard

　　B.take our time

　　C.are very unhappy

　　D.feel especially painful

　　分析：由however從句中的“at first glance(乍一看上去，即沒仔細(xì)考慮)”與下文中“take special pains to think about……”進(jìn)行對比，可以推斷出A項正確。