高三英語教案：《名詞性從句的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)》教學(xué)設(shè)計

　　名詞性從句在功能上相當(dāng)于名詞

　　名詞性從句的定義:在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫名詞性從句(Noun Clauses）。名詞從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組, 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。

　　(一）引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞

　　1、連接代詞：who, whose, whom, what, which。有詞義，在從句中擔(dān)任成分，如主語、表語、賓語、或定語等。

　　2、連接副詞：when, where, why, how。有詞義，在從句中擔(dān)任成分，作狀語。

　　3、連接詞：that, whether, if, as if。 that 無詞義，在從句中不擔(dān)任成分，有時可省略；as if（好象）雖有詞義，但在從句中不擔(dān)任成分。

　　注意：連詞的選用： 依據(jù)“缺什么補(bǔ)什么”原則確定正確的連詞。如果句子中缺主語，指人用who，指物用what；如缺賓語，指人用whom，指物用what；如缺時間狀語用when；地點(diǎn)狀語用where；原因狀語用why；方式狀語用how；定語用what或which；什么都不缺用that。whether 和if（是否），

　　1. It’s not immediately clear ____ the financial crisis will soon be over .

　　A. since     B. what   C. when   D. whether

　　2. As a new diplomat , he often thinks of _____ he can react more appropriately on such occasions.

　　A. what   B. which   C. that    D. how

　　3. When asked ____ they need most , the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved. \

　　A. what   B. why   C. whom   D. which

　　4. The last time we had great fun was ___ we were visiting the Water Park .

　　A. where     B. how   C. when    D. why

　　5. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s _____the best jobs are .

　　A. where   B. what   C. when   D. why

　　6._______ you don't like him is none of my business. (上海1992)

　　A. What   B. Who   C. That    D. Whether

　　7.Go and get your coat．It's ____ you left it．

　　A. where B. there C. here where D. where there

　　（二）that在名詞性從句中的用法

　　that 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句不充當(dāng)任何成分，沒有具體意義。以下情況that不能省略：

　　1.主、表、同從句不能省

　　That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.

　　It is certain that he will succeed.

　　The?order?that?all?the?soldiers?should?stay?still?is?given?by?the?general.

　　The?fact?is?that?he?has?not?been?seen?recently.

　　2.賓語從句中的that 一般可以省，但以下情況不能：

　　a. 并列賓語從句中第一個that 可以省，后面的都不能省。

　　I knows (that) he is a worker and that he lives in Shanghai.

　　b.介詞in , except 后面的that 不能省。

　　The reason lies in ______she works harder than others do.

　　The higher income tax is harmful in ______it may discourage people from trying to earn more.

　　c.主句動詞后有其它從句插入，或連接詞后有其它從句插入，that 不能省。

　　He judged ______ because he was a child , he didn't understand what he said .

　　Everyone knows ____ happened and_____ she was worried .

　　A that, that   B. what, that  C. what, /  D. that , what

　　d. it 做形式，that做真正的賓語引導(dǎo)從句，that不能省。

　　I think it difficult ____we finish the task in only one day.   A /    B. that   C. what    D. which

　　e.若主句的謂語動詞是appear， agree，learn， suggest，observe等時，that通常不可省略。例如： We agreed that all the students must plant trees in the park.

　　1. China’s success in manned-spacecraft travel shows ____ our country has become one of the greatest powers in space research.   A. what    B. which    C. 不填    D. it that

　　（三）、whether與if的辨用

　　whether與if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句，�？苫�換。但在下列情況下用whether。

　　a. 主語從句  b. 表語從句  c. 同位語從句  e. 介詞后的賓語從句

　　f.后接動詞不定式 (whether to do sth.)

　　g .whether or not 連在一起引導(dǎo)賓語從句時不用if

　　___ the meeting will be held in Beijing is not known yet.

　　A. Whenever    B. If     C. Whether     D. That

　　2.At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see ____ it got any better.

　　A. when   B. how   C. why  D. if

　　3._____we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

　　A. If     B. Whether    C. That     D. Where

　　4. What the doctors really doubt is _____my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. (上海2001)

　　A. when    B. how    C. whether   D. why

　�。ㄋ模┟�詞性從句中一律使用陳序語氣。

　　e.g. He asked how much I paid for the violin.

　　I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告訴了你什么。

　　She always thinks of how she can work well. 她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。

　　1.No one can be sure ____ in a million years.

　　A. what man will look like    B. what will man look like

　　C. man will look like what    D. what look will man like

　　2.You can’t imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.

　　A. how they were excited  B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited

　　3. The photographs will show you ____．（MET1989）

　　A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like

　　C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like

　　4. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ___________. (NMET2000)

　　A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it  D. who it is

　　5. Can you make sure ______ the gold ring? (NMET1990)

　　A. where Alice had put B. where did Alice put  C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put

　　6. He asked ________ for the violin. (NMET1991)

　　A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much  C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid

　　（五）名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的使用情況

　　1、在表示“命令、建議、堅持、要求”的名詞性從句中，要用“should+動詞原形”形式，should可以省略。e.g. I made a suggestion that he (should) go there at once.

　　I suggested that he (should) go there at once.

　　The suggestion was that he (should) go there at once.

　　I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我堅持要她自己工作。

　　The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令員命令部隊馬上出發(fā)\

　　He insisted that he _____ the money and ____ he ____ set free.

　　A. didn’t steal , / was  B. steal , that , shoud be C. didn’t steal , that , should be  D. steal , / was

　　2、wish引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中要用虛擬語氣，分與現(xiàn)在、過去、將來相反三種情況。

　　e.g. I wish I were ten years younger.

　　I wish you had posted the letter yesterday.

　　I wish I would try again.

　　3、在句型“It + is/was + adj.+主語從句”中，如果形容詞是important, strange, natural, necessary等，從句謂語部分要用“should+動詞原形”形式，should可以省略。

　　e.g. It’s strange that he (should) think so.

　　It is necessary that he (should) go there at once.

　　1.It is necessary that a college student ______at least a foreign language. (上海1993)

　　A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master

　　2.It was ordered that all the soldiers _______to the front.

　　A. should send B. must be sent C. should be sent D. must go

　　3. We are all for your proposal that the discussion _______.

　　A. be put off B. was put off C. should put off D. is to be put off

　�。�六）主語從句：it做形式主語的重要句型

　　1)It is / was + 名詞 + that從句（a pity, a shame, a good idea, no wonder, an honor, high time）

　　1. It is a pity that she _________(come) to the party.

　　2.It is high time that we __________(get) down to work.

　　3. It is the first time that I _________(come) to Beijing.

　　4._____is no wonder _____the children love to visit the farm.

　　2)It is/was+adj+that從句（possible, probable, likely, certain, surprsing, clear, obvious, apparent, evident, well-known, true, important, necessary, essential, strange常用虛擬語氣：即（should）+動詞原形）   如：It is necessary that  we_________(have) a good knowledge of basic English.

　　3)It is / was + 過去分詞+ that從句（said, reported/ thought, believed, suggested, advised, ordered, required , proved, believed, arranged , expected, hoped）如： ___ is said_____ he has gone abroad.

　　4)It + 不及物動詞+ that 從句

　　It seems/happens(碰巧)/ appears/ turns out / doesn’t matter/ it occurs to sb. (某人突然想起)） that…

　　例句：____seems______ he has known the secret.

　　1.____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

　　A. There    B. This    C. That    D. It

　　2. It’s obvious to the students _____ they should get well prepared for their future .

　　A．a(chǎn)s     B. which    C. whether   D. that

　　3. It worried her a bit ______her hair was turning grey.

　　A. while     B. if     C. that    D. for

　　4. I hate _____when people talk with their mouths full.

　　A. it    B. that    C. this    D. them

　　5. Does _______ matter if he can't finish the job on time?

　　A. this    B. that    C. he    D. it

　　6. ________that they found an unusual plant in the forest.

　　A. It is said B. They are said C. It said D. It says

　　（九） think, believe, imagine, suppose等等動詞引起的否定性賓語從句中用在第一人稱中時，要把上述主句中的動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ健＜磳�從句中的否定形式移到主句�?br />
　　例如：We don’t think you are here,________________?  I don’t believe he will do so. _________________?

　　She doesn’t think you are here, ________________?

　　（七）同位語從句

　�、� 說明其前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容。常由that引導(dǎo)，可用于同位語從句的名詞有：(advice, demand, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, possibility, problem, promise, proposal, question, request, reason, suggestion,  truth, wish, word, belief）等。

　　1.The news _____ we won the game is exciting.

　　(   )2.The thought came to him ______ Mary had probably fallen ill.

　　A. what    B that   C. why   D. when

　　(   )3. -----Is there any possibility ____ you could pick up at the airport ?

　　-----No problem .

　　(   )4. We should consider the students’ request __ the school liberary provide more books on popular science.

　　(   )5. News came from the school office ____ Wang Lin had been adimitted to Beijing University.

　　(   )6. The fact has worried many scientists ____ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer .

　　A. where  B. that   C.which   D. what

　�、� 引導(dǎo)同位語從句與定語從句的that的區(qū)別?

　　that作為關(guān)系代詞，可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，充當(dāng)句子成分，在從句中作賓語時可以省略； that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時，起連詞的作用，沒有實(shí)際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，一般不能省略。

　　試比較下面兩個例句:

　　The news that he told me is very important．（that引導(dǎo)______從句，作______，______省略）

　　The news that our team won the game is exciting. （that引導(dǎo)_______從句，_____省略）

　　(   )1.Then arose the question ____ we were to get so much money.

　　(   )2.This the house ____ the great man Mao Zedong was born 110 years ago.

　　A. where    B. that    C. about which    D. in which

　　（八）表語從句：

　　表語從句位于系動詞(be, seem, look 等)后，有時用as if / as though引導(dǎo)表語從句。                            It happens that(恰好) ,It appears that(似乎), It seems that(好象), It turns out that(結(jié)果是)等這類結(jié)構(gòu)的句子，通常被看作是表語從句。

　　This is where our problem lies. 這就是我們的問題所在。

　　That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 那就是他為什么不到會的原因。

　　It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。

　　----- How I wished we studied _____there are fewer exams !

　　----- You are joking .    A. where   B. the place where   C. in which   D. in where

　　(九) Where, when, why，because, as if/ as though等連接副詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。

　　Where, when, why等連接副詞也可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，使用的關(guān)鍵是：這個詞必須符合句子的邏輯意義要求。例如：It looked as if it was going to rain.

　　That’s because he didn’t work hard enough.

　　That was why I asked for three days’leave.

　　1.----I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.

　　-----Is that ____ you had a few days off?   A. why     B. when     C. that     D. where

　　2.—Do you remember ____ he came?

　　—Yes, I do, he came by car.   A. How     B. when     C. that     D. if

　　3. The reason ____ he was late was ______he missed the train by one minute this morning

　　A. why, because   B. why, that   C. for, because    D. for , that

　　4. ---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.

　　---- Is that ______ you had a few days off ?    A. why     B. what      C. when       D. where

　　（十） that 與what 在名詞性從句中的區(qū)別

　　That引導(dǎo)名詞性從句在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，也沒任何意義，只起連接作用，有時可以省略，而what 引導(dǎo)從句時充當(dāng)主，賓，表，定語。

　　1._________ he said so made us angry.

　　2._______the former Iraq president Saddam was captured has been proved.

　　3._________ he said made us angry.

　　4.China is no longer _____ it used to be .

　　5.____ we can’t get seems better than ____ we have.

　　A. What; what    B. what; that    C. That; that    D. That; what

　　6. ____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.

　　A. What    B. That     C. How     D. Where

　　7. Many young people in the West are expected to leave ____ could be life’s most important decision---marriage --- almost entirely to luck.   A. as     B. that     C. which   D. what

　　8. _____ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.

　　A . It   B. What   C. As   D. Which

　　9. _______ you have done might do harm to other people.　　A. That B. What C. Whether D. How

　　(十一) 疑問詞+ever 與no matter + 疑問詞的區(qū)別：

　　疑問詞+ever既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，又可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。

　　Whoever breakes the law must be punished .

　　或：Whoever breakes the law, he must be punished .

　　no matter + 疑問詞只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句.

　　No matter who breaks the law, he must be punished.

　　No matter what you do , you must do it well .

　　1.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.

　　A. however      B. whatever         C. whichever         D. whenever

　　2.____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.

　　A. Who          B. The one         C. Anyone           D. Whoever

　　3. It was a matter of ____ would take the position.

　　A. who         B. whoever          C. whom            D. whomever

　　4. She is very dear to us .We have been prepared to do ____ it takes to save her life.

　　A. whichever     B. however         C. whatever          D. whoever

　　5. Could I speak to ____ is in charge of the International Sales please?

　　A. who         B. what             C. whoever           D. whatever

　　6. The how to hook can be of help to ____ wants to do the job.

　　A. who        B. whomever        C. no  matter who      D. whoever

　　7._____ wants to stay in the hotel has to pay their own way.

　　A. Anyone      B. The one          Ｃ.Whoever            D. Who

　　8. _____ helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.

　　A. Who        B. Anyone           C. Whoever            D. The person

　　另外，在whoever，whatever，whenever，wherever中，ever起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，意為“究竟、到底”。如：

　　如： Wherever have you been?

　　(十二)有些不可直接跟賓語從句的動詞。

　　I hate it when…; I dislike it when…; I’d appreciate it if…I will see to it that…

　　I hate it when people speak with their mouth full.

　　I hate___ when the weather becomes cold because there in no heater inside .

　　A. this           B. that            C. it             D. so

　　名詞性從句高考真題集錦 (08)

　　1. (08湖南, 29) When asked ________ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.

　　A. what          B. why            C. whom        D. which

　　2. (08天津, 12) The last time we had great fun was __________ we were visiting the Water Park.

　　A. where        B. how         C. when         D. why

　　3. (08重慶, 25) People in Chongqing are proud of       they have achieved in the past ten years.

　　A. that           B. which        C. what            D. how

　　4. (08山東, 23) _______was most important to her, she told me, was her family.

　　A. It            B. This         C. What            D. As

　　5. (08福建, 27)          is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.

　　A. It             B. What             C. As           D. Which

　　6. (08浙江, 4) ______wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.

　　A. Anyone     B. The one       C. Whoever     D. Who

　　7. (08浙江, 6) Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home.    A. what       B. that           C. which       D. one

　　8. (08陜西, 8) Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea       the party is to be held?

　　A. what       B. which         C. that         D. where

　　9. (08上海, 34) As his best friend. I can make accurate guesses about ______ he will do or think.

　　A. what         B. which         C. whom        D. that

　　10. (08上海, 36) It has been proved ______ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.   A. If             B. because         C. when            D. that

　　名詞性從句 (07)

　　1. (07湖南, 28) Having checked the doors were closed , and _________ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.

　　A. why           B. that           C. when           D. where

　　2. (07全國II, 17) ____ matters most in learning English is enough practice.

　　A. What    B. Why    C. Where    D. Which

　　3. (07安徽, 33) You can only be sure of _______ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something ________ you might get in the future.

　　A. that; what         B. what; /           C. which; that          D. /; that

　　4. (07福建, 35) It is none of your business           other people think about you. Believe yourself.

　　A. how                B. what                C. which                D. when

　　5. (07江蘇, 25) Choosing the right dictionary depends on ______ you want to use it for.

　　A. what    B. why    C. how    D. whether

　　6. (07陜西, 8)         parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.

　　A. That                B. Which                C. What                D. As

　　7. (07上海, 39) _______ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.

　　A. That           B. What          C. Whether        D. Where

　　8. (07上海, 40) The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.

　　A. when           B. why          C. whether         D. that

　　9. (07天津, 15) The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make

　　______ it is.   A. what             B. which         C. how             D. where

　　10. (07浙江, 5) Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That's _______ the best jobs are.

　　A. where           B. what           C. when          D. why

　　名詞性從句(06)

　　1. (06全國II, 16) —What did your parents think about your decision?

　　—They always let me do ______ I think I should.

　　A. when         B. that        C. how          D. what

　　2. (06全國I, 23) See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.

　　A. when         B. which       C. where        D. what

　　3. (06全國I, 33) Please remind me _______ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.

　　A. which        B. that         C. what         D. whether

　　4. (06北京, 29) —Could you do me a favor?

　　—It depends on _______ it is.

　　A. which         B. whichever       C. what          D. whatever

　　5. (06北京, 31) Women _______ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _______ don’t.

　　A. who; 不填          B. 不填; who        C. who; who     D. 不填; 不填

　　6. (06天津, 14) There is much chance ______ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.

　　A. that          B. which         C. until          D. if

　　7. (06重慶, 33) Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _______ he had to meet his uncle in the airport.    A. why          B. that          C. where         D. because

　　8. (06湖南, 34) With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _____ he was a man of action.       A. which           B. that          C. what         D. whether

　　9. (06四川, 30) —It’s thirty years since we last met.

　　—But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ______ we got lost on a rainy night.

　　A. which          B. that          C. what           D. when

　　10. (06安徽, 29) A warm thought suddenly came to me ______ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.

　　A. if           B. when         C. that         D. which

　　11. (06江蘇, 35) We haven’t settled the question of _____ it is necessary for him to study abroad.

　　A. if            B. where          C. whether       D. that

　　12. (06山東, 27) _______ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.

　　A. No matter what       B. No matter which    C. Whatever         D. Whichever

　　13. (06遼寧, 30) _______ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.

　　A. What           B. Who         C. Whatever          D. Whoever

　　名詞性從句(05)

　　1. (05全國I, 23) Mary wrote an article on ________ the team had failed to win the game.

　　A. why         B. what           C. who         D. that

　　2. (05全國II, 11) The poor young man is ready to accept ______ help he can get.

　　A. whichever       B. however        C. whatever        D. whenever

　　3. (05北京, 29) As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when _______ and see him.

　　A. you will come                   B. will you come

　　C. you come                       D. do you come

　　4. (05天津, 2) Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and ______ it is rough or smooth.

　　A. /        B. whether          C. how           D. what

　　5. (05上海, 38) ________ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.

　　A. What is required    B. What requires    C. it is required    D. it requires

　　6. (05重慶, 34) The old lady’s hand shook frequently. She explained to her doctor ____ this shaking had begun half a year before, and ______, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.

　　A. when; how     B. how; when     C. how; how     D. why; why

　　7. (05山東, 34) Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ______ cure for AIDS will be found.

　　A. which         B. that         C. what          D. whether

　　8. (05福建, 26) Mum is coming. What present _______ for your birthday?

　　A. you expect she has got               B. you expect has she got

　　C. do you expect she has got             D. do you expect has she got

　　9. (05湖南35) I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ______ silly mistakes I had made.

　　A. what         B. that          C. how           D. which

　　10. (05江西, 35) The way he did it was different _____ we were used to.

　　A. in which      B. in what       C. from what      D. from which

　　11. (05浙江, 15) Danby left word with my secretary _____ he would call again in the afternoon.

　　A. who            B. that           C. as           D. which

　　12. (05安徽, 15) Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _______ it was 20 years ago, ______ it was so poorly equipped.

　　A. what; when               B. that; which       C. what; which               D. which; that

　　13. (05江蘇, 33) －Don’t you think it necessary that he _____ to Miami but to New York.

　　－I agree, but the problem is _______ he has refused to.

　　A. will not be sent; that                  B. not be sent; that

　　C. should not be sent; what               D. should not send; what

　　14. (05山東, 26) The shopkeeper did not want to sell _______ he thought was not enough.

　　A. where          B. how            C. what           D. which

　　15. (05遼寧, 29) Do you have any idea ______ is actually going on in the classroom?

　　A. that           B. what          C. as            D. which

　　名詞性從句(04)

　　1. (04全國, 31) You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _______ I disagree.

　　A. why           B. where          C. what          D. how

　　2. (04北京, 31) We cannot figure out _______ quite a number of insects, birds and animals are dying out.

　　A. that          B. as          C. why          D. when

　　3. (04天津, 35) A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago.

　　A. what         B. which          C. that         D. where

　　4. (04上海, 40) A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England like nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.

　　A. when           B. where         C. what        D. that

　　5. (04湖南, 24) I think Father would like to know _______ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.

　　A. which          B. why         C. what         D. how