高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專講專練[二]

　　略讀

　　略讀(skimming)是利用較短的時(shí)間粗略地閱讀全文的閱讀策略，其主要目的是迅速抓住文章的主旨大意或作者的寫(xiě)作意圖。這是一種高效的、有選擇性的、有針對(duì)性的閱讀技巧。掌握略讀這一技巧的關(guān)鍵就在于學(xué)會(huì)在閱讀過(guò)程中區(qū)別文章的重要部分和非重要部分，全局部分和枝節(jié)部分。一些次要信息要大膽略去不讀，迅速找出topic sentence，即找出概括全段大意的句子。

　　在運(yùn)用這一方法閱讀文章時(shí)，要特別注意：①文章的標(biāo)題；②文章的首句或引導(dǎo)性段落；③文章尾部的結(jié)論性詞語(yǔ)；④反映段落中心思想的主題句。如果我們找到了每段的主題句，再將這些主題句集中在一起，就差不多能夠把握住全文的中心內(nèi)容了。

　　Passage A

　　閱讀理解

　　What do you think of British people and American people? You might think that there are no differences between the people in the two countries. After all they speak the same language, don't they? But if you ask a British or an American person, the differences are quite great.

　　What do British people think Americans are like? The British think Americans are very strange. They make a lot of noise and they laugh too loudly. They are rich, and they only think about money. But the British do say that Americans are kind, friendly people.① They are happy to help you if you are in trouble.

　　What do Americans think of the British? Well, they think the British are cold and very unfriendly. They are not interested in success or in making lots of money. They think Britain is the best country in the world. They look down upon other countries. But Americans say that the British are quite good workers. They are brave and honest. And in time of trouble they face difficulties happily.

　　You can see that these ideas can cause misunderstanding between the British and Americans.② But when American and British people become friends, they usually find things are not as bad as they expected.

　　根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案：

　　1. What do you think of the differences between British and American people?

　　A. Their differences are very small.

　　B. The differences are very great.

　　C. There are no differences between them.

　　D. Some people think there are, but some people don?t think so.

　　2. What do the British think Americans are like?

　　A. They are strange but friendly.B. They are poor.

　　C. They are rich but unfriendly.D. They are happy in trouble.

　　3. The American and British people usually get along quite well ____.

　　A. when misunderstanding is caused between them

　　B. once they become friends

　　C. after they fight

　　D. when they help each other

　　難句注釋

　　① But the British do say that Americans are kind, friendly people.

　　但是英國(guó)人的確認(rèn)為美國(guó)人是可親的、友善的。do 在句中是為了表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。

　　Total words:208

　　Reading time:____

　　Reading speed:____

　�、� You can see that these ideas can cause misunderstanding between the British and Americans.

　　你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這些想法可能會(huì)在英國(guó)人和美國(guó)人之間引起誤解。

　　Passage B

　　閱讀理解

　　Some British and American people like to invite friends for a meal at home. But you should not be upset (難受的) if your English friends don't invite you home. It doesn't mean they don't like you!

　　Dinner parties usually start between 7 and 8 p.m., and end at about 11. Ask your hosts what time you should arrive. It's polite to bring flowers, chocolates or a bottle of wine as a gift.

　　Usually the evening starts with drinks and snacks(小吃).① Do you want to be more polite? Say how much you like the room, or the picture on the wall. But remember—it?s not polite to ask how much things cost.

　　In many families, the husband sits at one end of the table and the wife sits at the other end. They eat with their guests.

　　You'll probably start the meal with soup or something small, then you'll have meat or fish with vegetables, and then dessert, followed by coffee. It's polite to finish everything on your plate and to take more if you want it.②

　　Did you enjoy the evening? Call your hosts the next day, or write them a short thank?you letter. British and American people like to say “ Thank you, thank you, thank you.”all the time!

　　根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案：

　　1. If you are going to attend a dinner party,____ .

　　A. you?d better bring a certain present with you

　　B. you must leave home for it at 7 p.m.

　　C. you should ask your host when you should leave

　　D. you must arrive at it before 8 p.m.

　　2. In which order will you eat or drink the following things at the meal?

　　A. Snacks, vegetables, meat and coffee.

　　B. Coffee, drinks, soup, fish, vegetables and dessert.

　　C. Soup, meat with vegetables, dessert and coffee.

　　D. Drinks, soup, something small, fish and vegetables.

　　3. Which is the correct way in which you express your enjoyment of the evening?

　　A. Before leaving for home, you should say, “Thank you for inviting me.”

　　B. When you shake hands with your host, you should say, “I did enjoy the evening.”

　　C. You can write a thank?you letter to your host after that.

　　D. You should finish everything on your plate and take more if you want it.

　　難句注釋

　�、� Usually the evening starts with drinks and snacks.

　　通常晚宴都是以一些飲料和小吃開(kāi)始的。

　　Total words:213

　　Reading time:____

　　Reading speed: ____

　�、� It?s polite to finish everything on your plate and to take more if you want it.

　　禮貌的做法是吃完你盤(pán)里的所有食物，如果還想吃的話再添一些。

　　句首的it是形式主語(yǔ)。

　　Passage C

　　閱讀理解

　　If you ask some people, “How did you learn English so well?” you may get a surprising answer: “In my sleep!”

　　These are people who have taken part in one of the recent experiments (實(shí)驗(yàn)) to test the learn?while?you?sleep method (方法), which is now being tried in several countries, and with several subjects. English is among them.

　　Scientists say that this sleep?study method greatly speeds language learning. They say that the ordinary person can learn two or three times as much during sleep as in the same period during the day—and this does not affect (影響) his rest in any way. However, sleep?teaching will only put into your head what you have studied already while you are awake.①

　　In one experiment, ten lessons were broadcast over the radio for two weeks. Each lesson lasted twelve hours — from 8 p.m. to 8 a.m. The first three hours of English grammar and vocabulary (詞匯) were given with the students awake. At 11 p.m. a lullaby (催眠曲) was broadcast to send the student to sleep and for the next three hours the radio in a soft and low voice broadcast the lesson again into his sleeping ears. At 2 a.m. a sharp noise was sent over the radio to wake the sleeping student up for a few minutes to go over the lesson. The soft music sent him back to rest again while the radio went on.② At 5 o?clock his sleep ended and he had to go through the lesson again for three hours before breakfast.

　　根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案：

　　1. By the learn?while?you?sleep method, one____ .

　　A. starts to learn a new lesson in sleep

　　B. learns how to sleep better

　　C. is made to remember his lesson in sleep

　　D. can listen to the radio broadcast while lying in bed

　　2. In the experiment, lessons were given____ .

　　A. in the night time

　　B. after lullabies were broadcast

　　C. while the student was awake

　　D. all through the twelve hours

　　3. Before each lesson finishes, the student has to____ .

　　A. get up and take breakfast

　　B. be woken up by a loud voice

　　C. listen to the lesson again in sleep

　　D. review (復(fù)習(xí)) the lesson by himself

　　4. The sleep?study method is being tried in many countries to teach____ .

　　A. the English language

　　B. grammar and vocabulary

　　C. a number of subjects

　　D. foreign languages

　　難句注釋

　�、� However, sleep?teaching will only put into your head what you have studied already while you are awake. 然而，睡眠教學(xué)法只會(huì)使你記住清醒時(shí)已學(xué)過(guò)的東西。

　　Total words:260

　　Reading time:____

　　Reading speed: ____

　　② The soft music sent him back to rest again while the radio went on.

　　輕音樂(lè)又一次使他入眠而收音機(jī)在繼續(xù)播放。

　　Passage D

　　完形填空

　　Many people who work in London want to live outside it and to go to their offices, factories or schools every day by train, car or bus, even though this 1 they have to get up earlier in the morning and reach 2 later in the evening.①

　　One benefit (好處) of living outside London is that houses are 3 . Even a small flat (公寓) in London without a garden costs quite a lot 4 . With the same money, one can get a little house in the country with a garden of 5 own. Then, in the country one can be 6 from the noise and hurry of the town. 7 one has to get up earlier and spend more time in trains or buses, one can sleep 8 at night, and, during weekends and 9 summer evenings, one can enjoy the 10 clean air of the country. If one 11 gardens, one can spend one's 12 time digging, planting, watering and doing the hundred and one other jobs which are 13 in the garden.② Then, when the flowers and vegetables 14 , one has the reward (回報(bào)) of a person who has shared the secrets of 15 .

　　Some people, however, take no interest in country things;③for them, 16 lies in the town, with its cinemas and theatres, beautiful shops and busy streets, dance?halls and restaurants. Such people would 17 that their life was not worth 18 if they had to live it outside London. A walk in one of the parks and a visit 19 the sea every summer is all the country they 20.

　　根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案：

　　1. A. showsB. expressesC. meansD. needs

　　2. A. home B. family C. flatD. house

　　3. A. cleaner B. nicer C. biggerD. cheaper

　　4. A. money B. to lend C. to borrowD. to hire

　　5. A. himB. its C. one?sD. their

　　6. A. free B. farC. outD. absent

　　7. A. If B. Although C. BecauseD. After

　　8. A. little B. less C. longerD. better

　　9. A. on B. for C. at D. by

　　10. A. coldB. warm C. freshD. pleasant

　　11. A. prefers B. likes C. wantsD. interests

　　12. A. day B. rest C. spareD. whole

　　13. A. made B. brought C. carriedD. needed

　　14. A. come on B. come to C. come upD. come over

　　15. A. work B. society C. scienceD. nature

　　16. A. health B. happiness C. wealthD. future

　　17. A. know B. feel C. understandD. hope

　　18. A. wasting B. finding C. livingD. spending

　　19. A. for B. to C. ofD. at

　　20. A. hope B. wish C. askD. want

　　難句注釋

　　① Many people who work in London want to live outside it..., even though this means they have to get up earlier in the morning and reach home later in the evening.

　　很多在倫敦市區(qū)工作的人想住郊外……，盡管這意味著他們不得不早出晚歸。

　�、� ...doing the hundred and one other jobs which are needed in the garden.

　　……做花園里需要干的其他許多活。

　　③ Some people, however, take no interest in country things.

　　然而，一些人對(duì)鄉(xiāng)下的事物卻不感興趣。

　　Passage A

　　本文講述了英美兩國(guó)人對(duì)彼此的看法。

　　1?B. 根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知差異是相當(dāng)大的。

　　2?A. 第二段提出英國(guó)人認(rèn)為美國(guó)人是奇怪而友好的。

　　3?B. 依據(jù)是全文最后一句話。

　　Passage B

　　本文主要介紹了應(yīng)邀參加英美人舉辦的家庭晚宴需注意的一些禮節(jié)。

　　1. A. 由第二段“It?s polite to bring...as a gift.”得知。

　　2. C. 按第三、五兩段中提出的進(jìn)餐順序可選出答案。

　　3. C. 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C符合文末提出的感謝宴請(qǐng)的方式。

　　Passage C

　　本文介紹了一種通過(guò)睡眠來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)的新方法。

　　1. C. 據(jù)第三段最后一句可知。

　　2. A. 據(jù)第四段可知，收音機(jī)授課是從晚上八點(diǎn)到早晨八點(diǎn)。

　　3. C. 據(jù)第四段第四句 “...the radio...broadcast the lesson again into his sleeping ears” 可推知。

　　4. C. 據(jù)第二段可知這種方法正在好幾門(mén)功課中進(jìn)行嘗試。

　　Passage D

　　許多人樂(lè)意住在倫敦的郊區(qū)。本文對(duì)比了住在市中心和郊區(qū)的一些利弊。

　　1. C. 住在郊外就意味著早晨早起去上班。

　　2. A. 到家用reach home， 其他詞需用the。

　　3. D. 從下文看，郊外的房屋便宜。

　　4. D. 房子不是借而是租用。

　　5. C. 與句子主語(yǔ)一致，of one?s own 意為“屬于自己的”。

　　6. B. 意為“遠(yuǎn)離……”。

　　7. B. 根據(jù)下文應(yīng)是轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系。

　　8. D. 從上文“...far from the noise and hurry of the town.” 可看出，睡得好。

　　9. A. 具體哪一天的上午、下午、晚上，要用on。

　　10. C. 鄉(xiāng)下的空氣清新、無(wú)污染。

　　11. B. 喜歡花園才會(huì)有下文的種花。

　　12. C. spare time意為“空閑時(shí)間”。

　　13. D. 前面列舉的“...digging...the hundred and one other jobs.”都是花園里所需要干的活。

　　14. C. come up意為“長(zhǎng)出來(lái)”。

　　15. D. 在花園中養(yǎng)花、種花，涉及的是大自然的奧秘。

　　16. B. 在城市中才有快樂(lè)。lie in...意為“在于……”。

　　17. B. 此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“感受”。

　　18. C. be worth doing 意為“值得做……”。live a...life意為“過(guò)著……的生活”。

　　19. B. a visit to some place意為“ 去某地游覽”。

　　20. D. 不可以說(shuō)hope, wish 或ask sth. 。

　　1. Usually the evening starts with drinks and snacks. 通常晚宴都是以飲料和小吃開(kāi)始的。(Line 7, Passage B)

　　“以……開(kāi)始”可用start with... 或begin with... 來(lái)表達(dá)；“以……結(jié)束”可用end (up) with... 或close with... 來(lái)表達(dá)。如：At the dinner we usually begin with soup and end up with fruit. 在宴會(huì)上，開(kāi)始的一道菜通常是湯，最后的一道是水果。 In a word, the long March ended (up) with victory for us and defeat for the enemy. 總而言之，長(zhǎng)征以我們的勝利，敵人的失敗而告終。

　　2. With the same money, one can get a little house in the country with a garden of one's own. 用同樣的錢(qián)，一個(gè)人可以在鄉(xiāng)下買到一幢有屬于自己的花園的小屋子。(Line 5, Passage D)

　　of one's own 意為“屬于自己的”。He?d like a car of his own. 他想有輛屬于自己的汽車。on one's own 意為“獨(dú)自地；單獨(dú)地”。She lives on her own. 她獨(dú)自過(guò)日子。with one's own eyes 意為“親眼”。I saw it with my own eyes. 那是我親眼所見(jiàn)。on one's own time 意為“用自己的課余時(shí)間”。 If you want to play football, you?ll have to do it on your own time. 如果你想踢足球，你只能用課余時(shí)間去踢。