高中英語閱讀理解專講專練[三]

　　查讀:

　　查讀(scanning)，也稱為掃描式閱讀，是指用較短的時(shí)間快速掃視文章，查找具體信息或相關(guān)事實(shí)與細(xì)節(jié)的閱讀技巧。查讀有一定的目的性，是帶著問題尋找答案的閱讀方法，在考試中具有很高的實(shí)用價(jià)值。

　　運(yùn)用查讀方法時(shí)，我們首先要了解需要回答何種問題。我們可先在問題中找出二至三個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞語，用作答案的指示牌。然后到文章中迅速掃描，以確定答案可能所在的區(qū)域，最后將文章中與之匹配的部分標(biāo)出，確定正確答案。

　　在查讀過程中，我們可以一目十行地快速掃描整篇文章，也可用手指或鋼筆從左至右或逐行快速移動(dòng)，同時(shí)眼睛要緊隨其移動(dòng)，查看所要尋找的具體內(nèi)容，對(duì)那些與想要查找的信息無關(guān)的內(nèi)容可一帶而過甚至不必閱讀。

　　Passage A

　　閱讀理解

　　Last year I went to Nepal (尼泊爾) for three months to work in a hospital. I think it's important to see as much of a country as you can, but it is difficult to travel around Nepal. The hospital let me have a few days? holiday, so I decided to go into the jungle (叢林) and I asked a Nepalese guide, Kamal Rai, to go with me. We started our trip at six in the morning with two elephants carrying our equipment. It was hot, but Kamal made me wear shoes and trousers to protect me from snakes.① In the jungle there was a lot of wildlife, but we were trying to find big cats, especially tigers. We climbed onto the elephants? backs to see better, but it is unusual to find tigers in the afternoon because they sleep in the daytime.

　　Then, in the distance, we saw a tiger, and Kamal told me to be very quiet. We moved nearer and found a dead deer. This was the tiger?s lunch! I started to feel very frightened.

　　We heard the tiger a second before we saw it. It jumped out suddenly, five hundred kilos plus and four meters long. It grabbed (咬住) Kamal's leg between its teeth, but I succeeded (成功) in pulling Kamal away.② One of our elephants ran at the tiger and made it go back into the grass, so we quickly escaped to let the tiger eat its lunch. That night it was impossible to sleep.

　　根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案：

　　1. The writer of the passage must be____ .

　　A. a Nepalese doctor

　　B. a foreign tourist

　　C. a Nepalese traveler

　　D. a foreign doctor

　　2. What made the writer suddenly start to feel very frightened?

　　A. He heard the noise of the tiger.

　　B. He saw the tiger in the distance.

　　C. He realized that they were in danger.

　　D. He knew that the tiger was in danger.

　　3. What was unusual about the tiger?

　　A. It hunted a deer on a hot afternoon.

　　B. It was 500 kilos plus and four meters long.

　　C. It was afraid of an elephant.

　　D. It almost killed the Nepalese guide.

　　難句注釋

　　① It was hot, but Kamal made me wear shoes and trousers to protect me from snakes.

　　盡管天很熱，但Kamal卻讓我穿上了長褲和鞋以保護(hù)自己不受蛇的傷害。

　　Total words:253

　　Reading time:____

　　Reading speed: ____

　�、� It grabbed Kamal?s leg between its teeth, but I succeeded in pulling Kamal away.

　　它緊緊咬住Kamal 的腿，可我還是成功地將Kamal 拉走了。

　　Passage B

　　閱讀理解

　　From Monday until Friday most people are busy working or studying, but in the evenings and on weekends they are free to relax (放松) and enjoy themselves. Some watch TV or go to the movies; others take part in sports. It depends on individual interests. There are many different ways to spend our spare time.

　　Almost everyone has some kinds of hobbies. It may be anything from collecting stamps to making model airplanes. Some hobbies are very expensive, but others don?t cost anything at all. Some collections are worth a lot of money; others are valuable only to their owners.

　　I know a man who has a coin collection worth several thousand dollars. A short time ago he bought a rare (稀有的) fifty?cent piece worth S｜250! He was very happy about his buying and thought the price was reasonable (合理的). On the other hand, my youngest brother collects matchboxes.① He has almost 600 of them but I doubt (懷疑) if they are worth any money. However, to my brother they are very valuable. Nothing makes him happier than to find a new matchbox for his collection.②

　　That?s what a hobby means, I guess. It is something we like to do in our spare time simply for the fun of it. The value in dollars is not important, but the pleasure it gives us is.

　　根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案：

　　1. The underlined word “individual” in the first paragraph most probably means____ .

　　A. differentB. strange

　　C. secretD. one's own

　　2. In the writer's opinion, ____.

　　A. all hobbies are very expensive

　　B. some hobbies don't cost anything

　　C. hobbies are worthless

　　D. hobbies are valuable to everybody

　　3. Something that one enjoys doing in one's spare time is a____ .

　　A. job B. pleasure

　　C. hobbyD. habit

　　4. Which of the following statements (陳述) is NOT true?

　　A. The writer's brother has a large collection of matchboxes, which makes him very happy.

　　B. We collect a subject in our spare time simply for the fun of it.

　　C. The pleasure that a hobby can give is important.

　　D. To have a hobby means to spend a lot of money.

　　難句注釋

　�、� On the other hand, my youngest brother collects matchboxes.

　　與之相反，我最小的弟弟收集火柴盒。

　　Total words:229

　　Reading time:____

　　Reading speed: ____

　　② Nothing makes him happier than to find a new matchbox for his collection.

　　沒有什么比找到一個(gè)供收藏的新火柴盒更使他開心的了。

　　Passage C

　　閱讀理解

　　Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that were also enjoyed by the inhabitants (居民) of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants will become unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help a country's economy (經(jīng)濟(jì)). It is important to think about the people of a destination (目的地) country and how tourism affects(影響)them. Tourism should help a country keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance the well?being of local inhabitants.

　　Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country?s economy will suffer.

　　On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people will lose jobs.① Businesses will also lose money. It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, broad roads, and other things needed by places of interest. For example, a five?star tourism hotel needs as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel will lose money.

　　Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities (支撐設(shè)施) as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, and sewers to handle waste and water② .All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost.

　　根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案：

　　1. Which of the following has most probably been discussed in the part that goes before this passage?

　　A. It is very important to develop tourism.

　　B. Building roads and hotels is necessary.

　　C. Support facilities are highly important.

　　D. Planning is very important to tourism.

　　2. Too much tourism can cause all these problems EXCEPT ____.

　　A. a bad effect on other industries

　　B. a change of tourists? customs

　　C. over?crowdedness of places of interest

　　D. pressure (壓力) on traffic

　　3.Not enough tourism can lead to ____.

　　A. an increase of unemployment (失業(yè))

　　B. a decrease(減退)in tourist attractions

　　C. the higher cost of support facilities

　　D. a rise in price and a fall in pay

　　難句注釋

　�、� On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people will lose jobs.

　　另一方面，如果旅游業(yè)不能得到充分的發(fā)展，那么許多人將會(huì)面臨失業(yè)的問題。

　　Total words:267

　　Reading time:____

　　Reading speed: ____

　�、� There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, and sewers to handle waste and water. 還需要一些配套設(shè)施，包括交通，電力和處理垃圾、廢水的衛(wèi)生設(shè)施等。

　　Passage D

　　完形填空

　　I arrived in the United States on February 6, 1996, but I remember my first day here very clearly. My friend was waiting for me when my plane landed at Kennedy Airport at three o?clock in the afternoon. The weather was very 1 and it was snowing, but I was too excited to 2 . From the airport, my friend and I took a taxi to my 3 . On the way, I saw the skyline of Manhattan for the 4 time and I looked in astonishment (驚奇) at the famous skyscrapers (摩天大樓) and their man?made 5 . My friend helped me unpack at the hotel and then left because he had to go back to work. He promised to return the next day.

　　6 my friend had left, I went to a 7 near the hotel to get something to eat. Because I couldn't speak a single 8 of English, I couldn't tell the 9 what I wanted. I was very upset and started to make some 10 , but the waiter didn?t 11 me. Finally, I ordered the same thing the man at the next table was 12 .① After dinner, I started to walk along Broadway② 13 I came to Times Square with its cinemas, theatres, neon lights, and huge crowds of people. I did not feel tired, so I 14 to walk around the city. I wanted to see 15 on my first day. I knew it was 16 , but I wanted to try.

　　When I returned to the hotel, I was 17 , but I couldn't 18 because I kept hearing the fire and police sirens (警笛) during the night. I lay 19 and thought about New York. It was a very big and interesting city with many tall buildings and big cars, and full of 20 and busy people. I also decided right then that I had to learn to speak English.

　　根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案：

　　1. A. warmB. hotC. coldD. cool

　　2. A. look B. listen C. enjoy D. mind

　　3. A. school B. hotel C. home D. office

　　4. A. first B. second C. last D. only

　　5. A. parks B. satellitesC. beauty D. lakes

　　6. A. Long before B. Shortly after

　　C. Sooner or laterD. Then

　　7. A. restaurant B. sailor?s shop

　　C. bookstoreD. post office

　　8. A. sentence B. little C. word D. phrase

　　9. A. boss B. cook C. waiter D. man

　　10. A. sounds B. noise C. voices D. gestures

　　11. A. listen to B. understand C. see D. serve

　　12. A. reading B. writingC. ordering D. eating

　　13. A. untilB. when C. before D. after

　　14. A. stopped B. tired C. decidedD. continued

　　15. A. something B. everything C. some thingsD. anything

　　16. A. necessary B. important C. impossible D. right

　　17. A. tired B. excited C. surprisedD. pleased

　　18. A. go out B. eat C. have a bathD. fall asleep

　　19. A. afraid B. awake C. aloud D. asleep

　　20. A. noiseB. streets C. places D. rivers

　　難句注釋

　�、� Finally, I ordered the same thing the man at the next table was eating.

　　最后，我點(diǎn)了鄰桌顧客吃的東西。

　�、� Broadway 百老匯大街。

　　Passage A

　　本文描述了作者和向?qū)г谀岵礌枀擦衷庥隼匣⒌慕?jīng)歷。

　　1. D. 據(jù)首句得知。

　　2. C. 由第二段得知，作者感到害怕的原因是意識(shí)到處境危險(xiǎn)。

　　3. A. 由第一段末句 “...it is unusual to find tigers in the afternoon” 推知。

　　Passage B

　　人們喜歡根據(jù)自己的愛好在業(yè)余時(shí)間做一些自己喜歡的事情，也就是文中所說的hobby。

　　1. D. 根據(jù)文意，此處指“個(gè)人的興趣”。

　　2. B. 由第三段“集火柴盒”的例子可知。

　　3. C. 這是對(duì)hobby的解釋。

　　4. D. 據(jù)第二段可知，并非所有的愛好都需要花錢。

　　Passage C

　　本文敘述了旅游業(yè)對(duì)一個(gè)地區(qū)的重要性以及如果缺乏科學(xué)規(guī)劃旅游業(yè)會(huì)產(chǎn)生的諸多問題。

　　1. D. 根據(jù)首段首句，可判斷本文之前部分應(yīng)敘述“規(guī)劃對(duì)旅游業(yè)的重要性”。

　　2. B. 由第一、二段可知，旅游業(yè)的泛濫并不能改變旅游者的習(xí)慣。

　　3. A. 由第三段“On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people will lose jobs.”可知答案為A。

　　Passage D

　　本文敘述了作者美國紐約之行第一天的經(jīng)歷和感想。

　　1. C. 根據(jù)下文可知天氣很冷。

　　2. D. 太激動(dòng)了，也就不在乎天氣的寒冷了。

　　3. B. 下文有暗示，可知是去賓館。

　　4. A. for the first time 意為“第一次”。

　　5. C. 看到了摩天大樓等人造景觀的美。

　　6. B. shortly after 意為“不久以后；不一會(huì)兒”。

　　7. A. 根據(jù)下文“...to get something to eat”，可知“我”去了賓館附近的一家飯店。

　　8. C. 根據(jù)最后一句可知“我”一個(gè)英語單詞都不會(huì)說。

　　9. C.根據(jù)文意可知，應(yīng)是服務(wù)員或侍者。

　　10. D. make some gestures 意為“做手勢”。

　　11. B. 服務(wù)員還是不明白“我”的意思。

　　12. D. 點(diǎn)了鄰桌顧客吃的東西。

　　13. A. 沿著百老匯大街一直走到時(shí)代廣場。

　　14. D. 繼續(xù)在紐約市區(qū)徜徉。

　　15. B. 根據(jù)下文可知，此句意為“我想在第一天看到紐約的一切”。

　　16. C. 第一天就把紐約看個(gè)遍是不可能的，但“我”想試一試。

　　17. A. 回到賓館，感覺肯定是累的。

　　18. D. 雖然很累，但因?yàn)榇巴饩�笛聲和火警聲無法入睡。

　　19. B. awake為表語形容詞，意為“清醒的；醒著的”。

　　20. A. 根據(jù)上文可知紐約市區(qū)喧囂、嘈雜。

　　1. We started our trip at six in the morning with two elephants carrying our equipment. 早上六點(diǎn)鐘我們開始了旅途，兩頭大象馱著我們的設(shè)備。(Line 8, Passage A)

　　trip 是非正式用語，強(qiáng)調(diào)一次往返的短途旅程。journey 則比較正式，常指時(shí)間和距離都較長的陸路旅行，不一定最終要回到出發(fā)地。而travel 則泛指旅行、游歷，尤指國外旅行，但無路程之義。 如：

　　Mother took me downtown on a shopping trip. 媽媽帶我進(jìn)城買東西了。

　　We made a journey to the Northeast of China. 我們在中國的東北做了一次旅行。

　　He has just returned from his travels. 他旅行剛回來。

　　2. The value in dollars is not important, but the pleasure it gives us is. 金錢的價(jià)值并不重要，重要的是它(業(yè)余愛好)給我們帶來的快樂。(Last line, Passage B)

　　not...but... 意為“不是……而是……” 連接兩個(gè)并列的成分，表示意思上的轉(zhuǎn)折。如：

　　He went not to help his father but to borrow money from him. 他并不是去幫他父親忙而是去向他父親借錢。

　　注意：當(dāng)not...but...連接兩主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要與緊靠它的主語在人稱和數(shù)上一致。如：

　　Not he but I am a doctor. 不是他而是我是一名醫(yī)生。

　　Not the teacher but the students are going there. 不是老師而是學(xué)生們將去那里。