125個易混淆的成人學位英語詞匯詳解(2)
2009-03-12 16:53:41網絡資源
16.advantage, benefit, profit
advantage 常指一種使某人處于比其他人相對有利的地位,機會或時機。如:He had the advantage of good education. (受過良好的教育對他十分有利。)
profit 多指報償或報償性的收入。如Did you make any profit last year? (你去年賺錢了嗎?)
benefit 指物質利益或精神方面的好處。如:I get no personal benefit from the business.(我個人從這家企業(yè)中并不獲益。)
17.advise, convince, persuade
均可表“勸說”。
advise表建議,規(guī)勸某人應該做某事或如何做。如:He advised me to put my money in the bank. (他勸我把錢存入銀行。)
convince指向某人陳述事實,運用推理或邏輯證明使某人信服。如:We convinced Smith to go by train rather than plane. (我們說服了史密斯乘火車而不乘飛機前往。)
persuade指用感情說服某人去做某事。如:I persuaded him to go back to work. (我說服他回去工作了。)
18.affect, effect
affect影響(動詞)。如Smoking affects health.
effect效果,影響(名詞)。如:Government policy will not have any effect on us.
19.afford, provide, supply
都有“提供,供給”的意思。
afford一般只用于抽象事物。
provide 和supply意思相同,兩個詞都和with連用,構成provide /supply somebody with something的結構。
20.agree, consent
agree 為常用詞。如:Do you agree to the condition? (你同意這個條件嗎?)
consent為正式用詞,多用于上下級的關系,表示同意別人的要求或請求。如:Did the king consent to your plan?(國王同意你的計劃嗎?)
21.aid, help, assist
用作動詞均可表“幫助”。
aid為正式用詞,help最常用。
assist最正式,表示協(xié)助某人做某事,尤指在體力上或具體事務上幫助和扶持。如:She employed a woman to assist her with the housework. (她雇了一名婦女幫她做家務。)
22.alive, living, live
alive 指雖有死的可能,但仍活著,一般只作表語。
living可用于人或物,作定語時可前可后。
live只做前置定語,用于動物和個別事物前。
23.almost, nearly
一般說來,almost比nearly 表示的意思更接近“開始”、“完成” (目標)等。
在all, every, always 前,兩者都可用。如:He is almost (nearly) smoking. (他幾乎每天抽煙。)
almost可同never, no, nobody, none, nothing 連用,而nearly卻不能。如:Almost no one believed her. (幾乎沒人相信他。)
24.alone, lonely
alone只表“獨自”的客觀狀態(tài),沒有感情色彩,只作表語;lonely表“孤獨”,:“寂寞”,能作定語和表語。如:When she is left alone, she feels lonely. (剩下她一人時她就感到寂寞。)
alone, only均可表“只有”,但alone須置于被修飾詞之后,only往往置于被修飾詞前。如:He alone (Only he) can remember the story. (只有他才能記起這段經歷。)
25.already, all ready
already已經(副詞)。如:The plane had already landed before we got to the airport.
all ready準備好的(作表語)。如:We were all ready to leave when the telephone rang.
26.alter, change
作不及物動詞時,兩者可通用。
作及物動詞時,alter是對局部,表面的改變,而change則是對本質的,全面的,徹底的改變。如:Can you alter the dress? (你會改做這件衣服嗎?)Can you change the dress?(你能給我更換這件衣服嗎?)
27.altogether, all together
altogether總計,總共。如:Altogether there are six of us. (我們總計六人。)
all together 全都在一起。如:We played the game all together. (我們大家都一起來玩游戲吧。)
28.amaze, astonish, surprise
都可作及物動詞,意思相近,一般都是以事物作主語,人稱作賓語。
amaze強調“使驚訝”,有時還有“驚嘆”,“佩服”等意。
astonish表示“使大吃一驚”,“幾乎使人無法相信”之意。
surprise只表“出乎意料之外”。
29.among, between
among 在……中間(三者或三者以上之間)。如:Our house is hidden among trees.
between在兩者之間。如:It is easy to distinguish between a Japanese and a Chinese.
30.announce, declare
announce指宣布公眾期望或與公眾有關的事情,含有預告的意味。如:The government announced that they would pay their debts. (政府宣布將償還債務。)
declare指正式負責地宣布,聲明,通常用于莊重的場合。如:The judge declared him guilty.(法官宣布他有罪。)