高考英語(yǔ)沖刺：動(dòng)名詞的考點(diǎn)分析

　　動(dòng)名詞是高考的一個(gè)考點(diǎn)，難點(diǎn)是和現(xiàn)在分詞容易混淆。，雖說(shuō)高考中出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)不多，但我們也不能掉以輕心。一般的動(dòng)名詞我們都了解，現(xiàn)在我們講一下含有動(dòng)名詞的特殊句型。

　　動(dòng)名詞是英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語(yǔ)形式.有很多特殊句型和習(xí)慣用法.本文就其中一些常用句型作一介紹,以幫助同學(xué)們正確使用動(dòng)名詞。

　　1.worth +動(dòng)名詞= worthy of being done 做某事是值得的.

　　Is this film worth seeing again?

　　這部電影值得再看一次嗎?

　　Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well. 凡是值的做的,就值得好好去做.

　　注意: 這個(gè)句型中的動(dòng)名詞總是用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義. 類(lèi)似的句型還有:worth while +動(dòng)名詞(也可用動(dòng)詞不定式)=worth the time spent in doing it

　　It isn’t worth while doing (or: to do )that .

　　做那件事不合算

　　2.cannot help +動(dòng)名詞=be unable to refrain from doing ---不禁;忍不住;不得不

　　He couldn’t help laughing when he heard the funny story.

　　他聽(tīng)到這個(gè)滑稽故事時(shí),忍不住大笑起來(lái).

　　注意: 類(lèi)似的慣用句型還有: cannot stand /bear +動(dòng)名詞

　　I can’t stand waiting any longer.

　　再等下去我可受不了

　　I won’t bear your talking to me like that.

　　我不能忍受你跟我那樣談話.

　　3.feel like+動(dòng)名詞 =be inclined to do ----想要

　　Do you feel like taking a walk with me?

　　跟我一起去散步怎么樣？

　　He doesn’t take care of his eats what he feels like eating.

　　他不注意健康；想要吃什么就吃什么。

　　注意： 該句型多用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句。Like 在這時(shí)是介詞，而不是動(dòng)詞。

　　4.How /what about +動(dòng)名詞=How do you like ---? 或 What do you think of ---?怎么樣？常用來(lái)征求別人的意見(jiàn)。

　　What about playing a game of chess?

　　下一盤(pán)棋怎么樣？

　　How about going to the cinema tonight?

　　今晚看電影怎么樣？

　　5.on+動(dòng)名詞=as soon as 從句 一----就

　　On hearing the news, he rang me up.

　　他一聽(tīng)到那個(gè)消息就打電話給我

　　On arriving at the village, he found it changed greatly.

　　他一到那個(gè)村莊就發(fā)現(xiàn)它變化很大

　　6. keep on +動(dòng)名詞=continue doing ----繼續(xù)

　　They kept on discussing the matter far into the night.

　　這件事他們繼續(xù)討論到深夜。

　　7. It is no use /good+動(dòng)名詞 =It is useless to do 做———是無(wú)益的

　　It is no use learning theory without putting it into practice.

　　學(xué)習(xí)理論不聯(lián)系實(shí)際是無(wú)用的

　　It is no good reading without thorough comprehension

　　一知半解的閱讀是不好的

　　注意：it 是形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)才是真正的主語(yǔ)。

　　8. be/get used to +動(dòng)名詞=be accustomed to ---習(xí)慣于做---

　　He is used to getting up early .他習(xí)慣于早起

　　I am not used to being spoken to like that.

　　我不習(xí)慣別人那樣對(duì)我說(shuō)話

　　9.lose no time in +動(dòng)名詞=begin doing ---at once 立刻、趕緊

　　He lost no time in carrying out his promise.

　　他立刻履行了他的諾言

　　10. in the hope of +動(dòng)名詞=with a view to doing 懷著----的希望；目的，在于

　　I went to London in the hope of meeting some friends.

　　我去倫敦希望能見(jiàn)到幾個(gè)朋友。

　　We looked through many books in the hope of getting further information.

　　我們查閱了許多書(shū)，希望獲得更進(jìn)一步的信息。

　　11. for the purpose of +動(dòng)名詞=for the sake of ---為了

　　She writes to a number of her friends for the purpose of collecting used stamps.

　　為了要收集舊郵票，她寫(xiě)信給許多朋友。

　　12. succeed in +動(dòng)名詞=manage to do ---成功地做----

　　China succeeded in sending up another man-made earth satellite yesterday .

　　昨天，中國(guó)有成功地發(fā)射了一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星。

　　動(dòng)名詞的考點(diǎn)：

　　一、動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)

　　___is a good form of exercise for both young and old (NMET1992)

　　A. the walk B. walking C. to walk D. walk (B)

　　動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)表示習(xí)慣性，泛指經(jīng)常性、不具體的動(dòng)作。而不定式做主語(yǔ)則表示一次性、特指、未來(lái)具體的動(dòng)作。由句意可知主語(yǔ)表示泛指的、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。

　　二、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)

　　1.the officer narrowly escaped ____in the hot battle (MET80)

　　A. have killed B. to kill C. to be kill D. being killed (D)

　　分析： 此題考查的是只能用動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞。Advise, allow, 　appreciate, avoid,consider,delay,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,keep,imagine,mind,miss,permit,practise,risk,suggest等動(dòng)詞及feel like, insist on, be fond of, what (how )about等固定詞組要用動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)。本題動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)作的承受者，故用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

　　2. She looks forward every spring to ____the flower-lined garden (shanghai 95)

　　A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking in (D)

　　分析： 此題考查含有介詞to的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。Look forward to ,be (get)used to (習(xí)慣于),pay attention to, prefer ---to 等短語(yǔ)中的to 為介詞，后跟名詞和動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。B項(xiàng)后少了to，因pay a visit to 為固定短語(yǔ)。

　　3. people couldn’t help ____the foolish emperor in the procession (MET 83 )

　　A. laugh at B. to laugh at C. laughing at D. laughing on (C)

　　分析： 此題考查一些既可跟動(dòng)名詞也可跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)但含義不同的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))的用法。

　　(1)can’t help to do不能幫助做 can’t help doing 情不自禁

　　(2)forget, remember后跟動(dòng)名詞表示已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，跟不定式表示未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

　　(3)try to do 盡力做，try doing 試著做

　　(4)go on to do sth. 接著做另一件事，go on doing sth. 繼續(xù)做原來(lái)在做的事

　　(5)mean to do 打算做。Mean doing sth. 意味著做

　　本句意味“人們?nèi)滩蛔〕靶τ涡嘘?duì)伍中的愚蠢皇帝”故選C。

　　4. Only one of these books is _____(MET 86)

　　A. worth to read B. worth being read C. worth of reading D. worth reading (D)

　　分析： Be busy ,be worth后以動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式做賓語(yǔ)。注意： 也有“值得“之意 ，但其用法是：be worthy to be done ,be worthy of being done. 5. This sentence needs _____(MET85)

　　A. a improvement B. improve C. improving D. improved (C)

　　分析： need ,want ,require 后跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式或不定式的被動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義。又如：The room needs cleaning (to be cleaned ) 房子需要打掃。

　　三、考查動(dòng)名詞的否定式

　　_I must apologize for ___ahead of time.

　　-That’s all right. (NMET 94 )

　　A. letting you not know B. not letting you know

　　C. letting you know not

　　D. letting not you know (B)

　　分析：動(dòng)名詞的否定式是在動(dòng)名詞前加not.

　　練習(xí)：

　　1.______ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.

　　A. the work B. walking C. to walking D. walk

　　2. How about the two of us ____a walk down the garden?

　　A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking

　　3. –I must apologize for ____ahead of time.

　　-That’s all right.

　　A. letting you not know

　　B. not letting you know

　　c. letting you know not

　　D. letting not you know

　　4. -You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.

　　-Well, now I regret ____that.

　　A. to do B. to be doing

　　C. to have done D. having done

　　5. –what do you think made Mary so upset?

　　-___her new bicycle.

　　A. as she lost B. lost C. losing D. because of losing

　　1-5 BCBDC